وڪيپيڊيا

پاڪستان ۾ عالمي ورثي واري ماڳن جي فهرست

گڏيل قومن جي تعليمي، سائنسي ۽ ثقافتي تنظيم (يونيسڪو) عالمي ورثي وارا ماڳ ثقافتي يا قدرتي ورثي لاءِ اھم جڳھون آھن جيئن يونيسڪو جي عالمي ورثي واري ڪنوينشن، جيڪا 1972ع ۾ قائم ڪيو ويو، ۾ بيان ڪئي ويون آھن.[1] ثقافتي ورثو يادگارن، جهڙوڪ آرڪيٽيڪچرل ڪم، يادگار مجسما، يا لکت، عمارتن جا گروپ ۽ ماڳن (بشمول آثار قديمه جا ماڳ) تي مشتمل آهي. قدرتي خاصيتون (طبيعي ۽ حياتياتي جوڙجڪ تي مشتمل)، جيولوجيڪل ۽ فزيوگرافڪ فارميشن (جنهن ۾ جانورن ۽ ٻوٽن جي خطري واري نسل جي رهائش به شامل آهن) ۽ قدرتي ماڳ جيڪي سائنس، تحفظ يا قدرتي حسن جي نقطي نظر کان اهم آهن، انهن کي قدرتي ورثي طور بيان ڪيو ويو آهي.[2] پاڪستان 23 جولاءِ، 1976ع تي ڪنوينشن جي تصديق ڪئي ۽ ان جي ماڳن کي فهرست ۾ شامل ڪرڻ لاءِ اهل بڻايو ويو.[3]

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پاڪستان ۾ عالمي ثقافتي ورثي واري ماڳن جا مقام

پاڪستان ۾ يونيسڪو جي عالمي ورثي واري ماڳن ۾ 6 ماڳ آهن ۽ وڌيڪ 26 ماڳ عارضي فهرست ۾ شامل آهن.[4] پهرين ٽن ماڳن کي 1980ع ۾ درج ڪيو ويو، موئن جو دڙو ۾ آثار قديمه جا آثار، تخت ڀائي جا ٻڌ ڌرم جا آثار ۽ پاڙيسري شهر بهلول ۽ ٽيڪسيلا جا آثار. ٻه ماڳ 1981ع ۾ درج ڪيا ويا ۽ فهرست ۾ سڀ کان تازو ماڳ روهتاس قلعو، سال 1997ع ۾ شامل ڪيو ويو. سڀئي ڇهه ماڳ ثقافتي آهن.[5]

عالمي ورثي جا ماڳ

سنواريو

يونيسڪو ڏهن معيارن جي تحت ماڳن کي عالمي ورثي واري ماڳن جي فهرست ۾ شامل ڪري ٿي؛ هر داخلو گهٽ ۾ گهٽ هڪ معيار کي پورو ڪرڻ گهرجي. معيار (i) کان (vi) ثقافتي آھن ۽ (vii) کان (x) قدرتي آھن.[6]

World Heritage Sites
ماڳ عڪس مقام سال (جڏهن فهرست ۾ شامل ڪيو ويو) يونيسڪو جو شمار تفصيل
موهن جو دڙو جا قديم آثار   سنڌ 1980ع 138؛ (ii) ۽ (iii) (ٿقافتي) موهن جو دڙو سنڌو ماٿريءَ جي سڀ کان وڏي شهرن مان هڪ هو ۽ ڏکڻ ايشيا جو پهريون رٿيل شهر هو. سنڌو درياهه جي ڪناري تي واقع آهي، اهو 2500 ق.م ۽ 1500 ق.م جي وچ ۾ وڌيو. شهر گهڻو ڪري پڪل سرن سان ٺهيل هو ۽ سخت گرڊ پلان جي پيروي ڪئي وئي هئي. اتي عوامي حمام، اناج جا گودام ۽ هڪ وسيع پاڻي جي نيڪال جو نظام هو. ٿر جي مٿان ٻي صدي عيسوي ۾ ٻڌمت جو اسٽوپا تعمير ڪيو ويو. ماڳ تي کوٽائي 1922ع کان جاري آهي، شهر جو اٽڪل ٽيون حصو اڃا تائين دريافت ڪيو ويو آهي.[7]
ٽيڪسلا   پنجاب 1980ع 139؛ (iii) ۽ (vi) (ٿقافتي) ٽيڪسلا، جيڪو اڳ ۾ ئي نيولٿڪ دور ۾ آباد هو، پنجين صدي قبل مسيح ۽ ٻي صدي عيسوي جي وچ ۾ ٻڌ ڌرم جي سکيا جو هڪ اهم مرڪز هو. آثار قديمه واري ماڳ ۾ چار آبادين جا باقيات شامل آهن جيڪي ماڳ جي شهري ترقي کي ظاهر ڪن ٿا. هي شهر شاهراهه ريشم جي هڪ شاخ تي واقع هو ۽ هخامنشي (قديم ايراني) ۽ هيلينسٽڪ (قديم يوناني) سلطنتن کان متاثر هو. "ڀر دڙو" 326 قبل مسيح ۾ سڪندر اعظم جي ٽيڪسلا ۾ داخل ٿيڻ سان لاڳاپيل آهي. ڪجهه يادگارن ۾ جولين منسٽر، موهرا مرادو اسٽوپا، ڌرماراجيڪا اسٽوپا، جنڊيال ڪمپليڪس ۽ سرڪپ جو شهر (تصوير ۾ ڏنل سائيٽ تي اسٽوپا جا باقيات) شامل آهن.[8]
تخت ڀائي ۾ ٻڌ ڌرم وارا کنڊر ۽ پاڙيسري شھر بهلول جا باقيات   خيبر پختونخوا 1980ع 140؛ (iv)

(ٿقافتي)

تخت ڀائي جي ٻڌ ڌرم جي خانقاهه (تصوير ۾) پهرين صدي عيسوي ۾ ٺهرائي وئي ۽ ستين صدي عيسويءَ تائين استعمال ۾ رهئي. ٿلهي ٽڪريءَ جي چوٽيءَ تي واقع هجڻ سبب، علائقي تي لڳاتار حملن جي باوجود، چڱيءَ طرح محفوظ رهئي. ڪشان دور کان وٺي ويجهي شهر بهلول جي خانقاه ۽ باقيات گنڌارا علائقي ۾ ٻڌ ڌرم جي سڀ کان اهم يادگارون آهن. خانقاه پاڪستان ۾ سڀ کان مڪمل ٻڌ ڌرم خانقاه آهي ۽ اسٽوپا، خانقاهي حجرن، مندر ۽ عام عمارتن جي ڪيترن ئي گروهن تي مشتمل آهي.[9]
مڪلي، ٺٽي ۾ تاريخي يادگار   سنڌ 1981ع 143؛ (iii) (ٿقافتي) مڪلي ٺٽي شهر ۾ هڪ وڏو قبرستان آهي. اهو 14هين ۽ 18هين صدي جي وچ ۾ استعمال ۾ رهيو. يادگار ۽ مقبرا اعليٰ معيار جي پٿر، سرن ۽ چمڪندڙ ٽائلن مان ٺهيل آهن. مشهور بزرگن ۽ حڪمرانن جا مقبرا جن ۾ ڄام نظام الدين ٻين ۽ عيسيٰ خان ترخان (تصوير) اڃا تائين محفوظ آهن ۽ مقامي فن تعمير سان مليل مغل فن تعمير جا سٺا مثال آهن.[10]
لاهور ۾ شاهي قلعو ۽ شاليمار باغ   پنجاب 1981ع 171؛ (i)، (ii) ۽ (iii) (ثقافتي) شاهي قلعو (تصوير ۾) ۽ شاليمار باغ مغل دور جا ٻه شاهي ڪمپليڪس آهن. قلعو لاهور جي پراڻي شهر جي اتر اولهه ڪنڊ تي واقع آهي ۽ پنهنجي تاريخ ۾ ڪيترائي ڀيرا تباهه ۽ ٻيهر تعمير ڪيو ويو آهي. موجوده يادگار 16 صدي عيسويء جي تاريخ، اڪبر جي دور ۾. شاليمار باغ 1642ع ۾ شهنشاهه شاهجهان جي دور ۾ ٺهرايو ويو هو، اهي مغل باغن جو هڪ مثال آهن، جيڪي فارسي ۽ اسلامي روايتن کان متاثر هئا.[11]
روهتاس قلعو   پنجاب 1997ع 586؛ (ii) ۽ (iv) (ٿقافتي) هي قلعو شير شاهه سوري جي دور ۾، سال 1541ع ۾ مغل شهنشاهه همايون تي سندس فتح کان پوءِ ٺهرايو ويو هو. اهو بارود جي دور ۾ شروعاتي اسلامي فوجي فن تعمير جو هڪ غير معمولي مثال آهي، جيڪو ترڪي ۽ ننڍي کنڊ جي فني روايتن کي گڏ ڪري ٿو. اهو بعد ۾ مغل فن تعمير لاء هڪ نموني طور ڪم ڪيو. اها جنگ ۾ ڪڏهن به فتح نه ٿي هئي ۽ اڄ تائين برقرار آهي.

عارضي فهرست

سنواريو

عالمي ورثي جي فهرست تي لکيل ماڳن کان علاوه، ميمبر رياستون عارضي ماڳن جي هڪ فهرست برقرار رکي سگهن ٿيون جيڪي اهي نامزدگي لاءِ غور ۾ اچي سگهن ٿيون. عالمي ورثي جي فهرست لاءِ نامزدگيون صرف ان صورت ۾ قبول ڪيون وينديون آهن جڏهن ماڳ اڳي ئي عارضي فهرست ۾ درج ٿيل هئي.[12] پاڪستان جي عارضي فهرست ۾ ڇويهه جڳهيون آهن.[13]

Tentative sites
ماڳ عڪس جگهه سال يونيسڪو شمار تفصيل
بادشاهي مسجد، لاهور   پنجاب 1993ع (ثقافتي) This mosque in the city of Lahore is an exceptional example of Mughal architecture. It was built in 1673–74. It has four large and four smaller minarets and three marble domes. The mosque is built of red sandstone and decorated with stone reliefs and marble inlays.[14]
وزير خان مسجد، لاهور   پنجاب 1993 (cultural) This mosque in the city of Lahore is constructed of brick and sandstone. It has five domes and four minarets and is richly decorated.[15]
مغل شهنشاهه، جهانگير ۽ وزير آصف خان جا مقبرا ۽ اڪبري سرائي، لاهور   پنجاب 1993 (cultural) This site comprises three monuments from the Mughal period. The tomb of the Emperor Jahangir (pictured) is made of red sandstone and richly decorated with marble inlay designs. The tomb of Abu'l-Hasan Asaf Khan is a mausoleum with a high dome that was originally decorated with marble inlay and stucco. The Akbari Sarai, a caravanserai, is located between the two monuments. The complex has 180 cells, a mosque, and two decorated gateways.[16]
هرڻ مينار، شيخوپوره   Punjab 1993 (cultural) The complex in Sheikhupura was constructed in the early 17th century under the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. The large brick tower (minar) has a spiral staircase with 108 steps leading to the top. The water tank is of rectangular shape and has a causeway leading to an octagonal pavilion in the middle. The pavilion is decorated by frescoes and was used as a royal residence.[17]
شاهه رڪن عالم جو مزار، ملتان   Punjab 1993, 2004 ii, iv, vi (cultural) The tomb was built between 1320 and 1324 inside the Multan Fort under the Tughlaq ruler Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq. It was probably intended as a dynastic tomb but instead became the tomb of the Sufi saint Shah Rukn-e-Alam. The octagonal tomb, the first of its type in South Asia, reaches 35 m (115 ft) in height. It is built in red brick and the exterior is decorated in glazed tiles and carved bricks and wood. Inside, a wooden mihrab is the earliest example of its type. The tomb is an important pilgrimage site. The site is listed twice on the UNESCO tentative list.[18][19]
رني ڪوٽ جو قلعو، دادو   سنڌ 1993 (cultural) The fort, located in the Dadu District, was constructed in the early 19th century. The fortification walls are 35 m (115 ft) long and follow the geography of the barren hilly area, with bastions located at intervals. There is a small fortress inside, likely used as a royal residence.[20]
شاهجهاني مسجد، ٺٽو   سنڌ 1993 (cultural) The mosque in the city of Thatta is decorated with the most elaborate tile-work in South Asia. The mosaics with blue and white tiles cover the two main chambers and the domes. The designs include floral and geometric patterns.[21]
Chaukhandi Tombs, Karachi   Sindh 1993 (cultural) The tombs near Karachi were built for the warriors and families of the Saloch tribe in the 17th and 18th centuries. They are pyramidal in shape and covered with decorative stone carvings, depicting humans and decorative designs. Some tombs are in the Hindu style.[22]
Archaeological Site of Mehrgarh   Balochistan 2004 ii, iv (cultural) The archaeological site of Mehrgar is a tell, an artificial mound created as a result of successive settlements at the same site through generations. Initially likely seasonally occupied by pastoralist groups, the site was permanently inhabited form the aceramic Neolithic period in the 7th millennium BCE to the Chalcolithic period. The site was already abandoned in the mid-3rd millennium BCE, before the urbanised phase of the Indus Valley Civilisation. Excavations uncovered mud-brick structures (pictured) believed to be used for storage, remains of a Bronze Age village with its own craft zone, and several cemeteries. It was rediscovered in the 1970s after being exposed by a flash flood.[23]
Archaeological Site of Rehman Dheri   Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2004 i, ii (cultural) Rehman Dheri is an archaeological site that dates from the Pre-Harappan period in the 4th millennium BCE to the Early-Harappan period in the mid-3rd millennium BCE. It is one of the best preserved examples of an early urban settlement in South Asia, because the site was abandoned during the mature Harappan period. The settlement has streets following a grid plan, which was replicated in the successive phases. There are remains of kilns and pottery shards.[24]
Archaeological Site of Harappa   Punjab 2004 ii, iv (cultural) Harappa is an archaeological site of the Indus Valley civilisation, which was occupied from the 4th to the 2nd millennium BCE, with its peak between 2600 and 1900 BCE. It is a tell, an artificial mound created as a result of successive settlements at the same site through generations. Harappa was located next to the old course of the Ravi River which provided the inhabitants fresh water and access to trade networks. There are eight mounds and two cemeteries on site, as well as some structures from the Gupta and Mughal Empires and a modern village.[25]
Archaeological Site of Ranigat   Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2004 ii, iv (cultural) The archaeological site of Ranigat is the largest Buddhist monastic complex in the Gandhara region, where a culture blending the Hellenistic, Buddhist, and Indo-Parthian traditions flourished between the 2nd century BCE and 6th century CE. The monastery was founded in the 1st century CE. Excavations in the 1980s uncovered the remains of several stupas, shrines, and secular buildings, as well as copper coins, pottery, and stone sculptures.[26][27]
Shahbazgarhi Rock Edicts   Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2004 i, ii, iv (cultural) The Edicts of Ashoka in Shahbazgarhi date to the middle of the 3rd Century BCE, during the reign of the Mauryan Emperor Ashoka. They were carved in two large boulders in the Kharosthi script and describe in detail Ashoka's view on dhamma, or righteous law. The edicts are the oldest irrefutable examples of writing in South Asia.[28]
Mansehra Rock Edicts   Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 2004 ii, iii, vi (cultural) The Edicts of Ashoka in Mansehra date to the middle of the 3rd Century BCE, during the reign of Mauryan Emperor Ashoka. They were carved in three large boulders in the Kharosthi script and describe in detail Ashoka's view on dhamma, or righteous law. The edicts are the oldest irrefutable examples of writing in South Asia.[29]
Baltit Fort   Gilgit Baltistan 2004 i, ii (cultural) The fort is overlooking the Hunza valley, an important trade route connecting South and Central Asia. The original structure dates from the 8th century and was later expanded, the current building has three floors. It is built in stone with additional timber frameworks to provide stabilization in an earthquake-prone area. The fort was the residence of the Mir, the rulers of the State of Hunza, until 1945.[30]
Tombs of Bibi Jawindi, Baha'al-Halim and Ustead and the Tomb and Mosque of Jalaluddin Bukhari   Punjab 2004 ii, iv, vi (cultural) This site comprises five monuments from the 14th and 15th centuries in the city of Uch. The tomb of the Sufi saint Jahaniyan Jahangasht has a square plan and a flat roof while the tombs of Bibi Jawindi (pictured), Baha'al-Halim, and Ustead are octagonal and feature a dome. They are decorated with glazed tiles. The mosque is also decorated with tiles featuring floral and geometric designs. Some of the tombs have been damaged by erosion.[31]
Port of Banbhore   Sindh 2004 iv, v, vi (cultural) The port of Banbhore was located at the mouth of the Indus River. Founded in the 1st century BCE, the main findings date from the Islamic period between the 8th and 13th centuries, including the remains of one of the earliest mosques in the region, dating to 727. The mosque incorporates some reused stones from a previous Hindu structure. The port was important in the trade of ceramics and metal goods, and it had an industrial area with workshops dealing with textiles, glass, glazes, and metallurgy. As the river changed course in the 11th century, the creek silted, leading to the gradual abandonment of the port.[32]
Derawar and the Desert Forts of Cholistan   Punjab 2016 iii, v (cultural) This site comprises ten forts in the Cholistan Desert that were built to protect the caravan, merchant, and pilgrimage routes through the region. The best preserved fort is the Derawar fort (pictured) which was built in the 9th century by Rai Jajja Bhati of the Rajput Bhati clan. In the 18th century, it was taken over by Bahawalpur and remained the residence of the Nawab until the 1970s, constant occupation contributing to its preservation. The massive fort has 40 circular bastions that reach 30 m (98 ft) high.[33]
Hingol Cultural Landscape   Balochistan 2016 iii, vi (cultural) Hinglaj Mata mandir is an ancient Hindu cave temple located in Hingol National Park. It is dedicated to Shaktior Sati. Every year, it attracts thousands of pilgrims who cross the ravine and proceed through the cave, with stops at landmarks for religious observances. Pilgrims also visit several mud volcanos in the area (Chandragup pictured).[34]
Karez System Cultural Landscape   Balochistan 2016 ii, vi, v (cultural) A karez, kariz, or qanat is a system for transporting water from an aquifer or water well to the surface, through an underground aqueduct (scheme pictured). The technology probably developed in the 1st millennium BCE in Persia and then spread to arid and semi-arid areas of China, South Asia, Middle East, North Africa, and Spain. Tapping into the subterranean water sources allowed settlement and agriculture in areas that would otherwise be unexploitable. More than 1000 such systems are still operational in Pakistan, four are listed in the nomination.[35]
Nagarparkar Cultural Landscape   Sindh 2016 iii, iv (cultural) The cultural landscape is located in Nagarparkar, on the border of the Thar Desert. It was a centre of a thriving Jain community which was active in maritime trade, as the area was located at the coast of the Arabian Sea as late as in the 15th century. Several Jain monuments remain from the period between the 12th and 15th centuries, including the Gori Temple (pictured). Due to the changes of the coastline due to silting by the Indus River system, the community declined in numbers, with the last members leaving following the partition of India in 1947.[36]
Central Karakoram National Park   Gilgit Baltistan 2016 ix, x (natural) The national park covers large part of the central Karakoram mountain range. Four peaks over 8٬000 m (26٬000 ft) are located in the park, as well as several glaciers (the Baltoro Glacier pictured). The area is a highly active tectonic zone, as a result of the Himalayan orogeny. The area is also an important stopover for migrating birds and home to endangered mammal species, including markhor, musk deer, snow leopard, urial, and Marco Polo sheep.[37]
Deosai National Park   Gilgit Baltistan 2016 ix, x (natural) Deosai National Park is an alpine plateau with an altitude between 3٬500 تائين 5٬200 m (11٬500 تائين 17٬100 ft). The landscape is mostly flat with rolling hills. Due to its location at the meeting of the Himalayan and Karakorum-Pamir ecoregions, the area is rich in biodiversity. Some of the species that live here include the Himalayan brown bear, Tibetan wolf, Himalayan ibex, and Golden marmot. The Sheosar Lake (pictured), at the altitude of 4٬250 m (13٬940 ft), represents a unique type of alpine wetland.[38]
Ziarat Juniper Forest   Balochistan 2016 x (natural) The juniper (Juniperus excelsa polycarpos) forests around the city of Ziarat are located at the meeting point of five vegetation zones. The large forest is home to trees that are believed to be thousands of years old, but the ecosystem is vulnerable in view of climate change. The area is home to the Balochistan black bear, Himalayan brown bear, markhor, numerous bird species, and several plant species with medicinal properties that are used by the local people.[39]
The Salt Range and Khewra Salt Mine   Punjab 2016 v, viii (mixed) The geological formation of Salt Range formed 800 million years ago with the evaporation of a shallow sea, resulting in thick deposits of rock salt. Due to lack of plant cover, the area provides an excellent opportunity to study geological layers from the Cambrian to the Paleogene, with several layers bearing fossils. The salt reserves at Khewra have been known at least since the 4th century BCE when Alexander the Great crossed the area, while the salt mine (pictured) has been in operation for over a thousand of years.[40]

پڻ ڏسو

سنواريو

خارجي لنڪس

سنواريو
وڪيميڊيا العام ۾ پاڪستان ۾ عالمي ورثي واري ماڳن جي فهرست سان لاڳاپيل ابلاغي مواد ڏسو.

سانچو:World Heritage Sites in Pakistan سانچو:Cultural heritage sites in Pakistan سانچو:Lists of World Heritage Sites in Asia

حوالا

سنواريو
  1. ↑ "The World Heritage Convention". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 27 August 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 7 July 2019.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  2. ↑ "Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 1 February 2021 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 3 February 2021.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  3. ↑ "Pakistan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 4 July 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 5 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  4. ↑ "Pakistan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 4 July 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 5 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  5. ↑ "Pakistan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 4 July 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 5 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  6. ↑ "UNESCO World Heritage Centre The Criteria for Selection". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 12 June 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 17 August 2018.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  7. ↑ "Archaeological Ruins at Moenjodaro". UNESCO World Heritage Centre World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 5 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  8. ↑ "Taxila". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 5 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  9. ↑ "Buddhist Ruins of Takht-i-Bahi and Neighbouring City Remains at Sahr-i-Bahlol". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 7 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 5 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  10. ↑ "Historical Monuments at Makli, Thatta". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 7 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  11. ↑ "Fort and Shalamar Gardens in Lahore". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 29 November 2005 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 7 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  12. ↑ "Tentative Lists". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 1 April 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 7 October 2010.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  13. ↑ حوالي جي چڪ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Pakistan
  14. ↑ "Badshahi Mosque, Lahore". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 4 March 2020 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  15. ↑ "Wazir Khan's Mosque, Lahore, Lahore". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 2 August 2018 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  16. ↑ "Tombs of Jahangir, Asif Khan and Akbari Sarai, Lahore". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 1 February 2018 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  17. ↑ "Hiran Minar and Tank, Sheikhupura". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  18. ↑ "Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 3 March 2018 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 6 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  19. ↑ "Tomb of Hazrat Rukn-e-Alam, Multan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 6 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  20. ↑ "Rani Kot Fort, Dadu". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 25 December 2019 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  21. ↑ "Shah Jahan Mosque, Thatta". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 3 October 2018 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  22. ↑ "Chaukhandi Tombs, Karachi". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  23. ↑ "Archaeological Site of Mehrgarh". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  24. ↑ "Archaeological Site of Rehman Dheri". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  25. ↑ "Archaeological Site of Harappa". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  26. ↑ "Archaeological Site of Ranigat". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 25 October 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  27. ↑ "Ranigat: 2nd to 6th Century AD" (PDF). UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 12 August 2022 تي اصل (PDF) کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 9 August 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  28. ↑ "Shahbazgarhi Rock Edicts". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 25 October 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  29. ↑ "Mansehra Rock Edicts". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 2 September 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  30. ↑ "Baltit Fort". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 8 August 2012 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  31. ↑ "Tomb of Bibi Jawindi, Baha'al-Halim and Ustead and the Tomb and Mosque of Jalaluddin Bukhari". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 12 June 2021 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  32. ↑ "Port of Banbhore". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 31 December 2019 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 September 2012.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  33. ↑ "Derawar and the Desert Forts of Cholistan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 26 December 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  34. ↑ "Hingol Cultural Landscape". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 26 December 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  35. ↑ "Karez System Cultural Landscape". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 26 December 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  36. ↑ "Nagarparkar Cultural Landscape". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 7 January 2019 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  37. ↑ "Central Karakorum National Park". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 26 December 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  38. ↑ "Deosai National Park". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 26 December 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  39. ↑ "Ziarat Juniper Forest". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 26 December 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  40. ↑ "The Salt Range and Khewra Salt Mine". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. وقت 26 December 2016 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 26 December 2016.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
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