وڪيپيڊيا

مونٽي نيگرو

سلجھائپ صفحن جي لاءِ معاونت نظر ھيٺ مضمون the country in Europe تي آهي. ٻين استعمالن جي لاءِ مونٽي نيگرو (سلجھائپ) ڏسو.

مونٽينيگرو (Montenegro) ڏکڻ اوڀر يورپ ۾ هڪ ننڍڙو ملڪ آهي، جيڪو ڪروشيا ۽ بوسنيا ۽ ھرزگوينيا جي ڀرسان واقع آهي. ان جي ڪل ايراضي 13,812 چورس ڪلوميٽر آهي ۽ سال 2007ع ۾ اندازي مطابق آبادي 6,84,736 آهي. ڪنهن زماني ۾ هي ملڪ عثماني سلطنت جو حصو هو. سال 2006ع ۾، مونٽي نيگرو گڏيل قومن جي 192هين ميمبر رياست طور داخل ڪيو ويو. مونٽي نيگرو دنيا ۾ پنهنجي ڍنڍن، تلاءَ ۽ جبلن جي ڪري مشهور آهي. [9]

Montenegro

Flag of Montenegro
{{{coat_alt}}}
جھنڊو نِسبتي نشان
ترانو: 
Oj, svijetla majska zoro
(انگريزي ٻولي: "Oh, Bright Dawn of May")
مڪانيت  مونٽي نيگرو  (green) نقشو Europe  (dark grey)  –  [Legend]
مڪانيت  مونٽي نيگرو  (green)

نقشو Europe  (dark grey)  –  [Legend]

گادي جو هنڌ Podgorica[1]
42°47′N 19°28′E / 42.783°N 19.467°E / 42.783; 19.467
سڀ کان وڏو شهر capital
دفتري ٻوليون Montenegrin[2]
Languages in official use[3]
نسلي گروھ (2011)
مذهب (2011)
  • 19.1% Islam
  • 1.3% no religion
  • 1% others
  • 2.6% no answer
مقامي آبادي Montenegrin
حڪومت Unitary parliamentary republic
Jakov Milatović
Milojko Spajić
Andrija Mandić
مقننه Parliament
Establishment history
• Duklja
 10th century
• Zeta
 1356
1516
13 March 1852
13 July 1878
28 August 1910
26 November 1918
29 November 1945
27 April 1992
21 May 2006
5 June 2017
پکيڙ
• جملي
 13٬812 km2 (5٬333 sq mi) (156th)
• پاڻي (%)
 2.6
آبادي
• 2023 مردم شماري
 سانچو:IncreaseNeutral 633,158[4] (164th)
•  گھاٽائي
 43.6 /km2 (112.9 /sq mi) (177th)
جِي ڊي پي (مساوي قوت خريد ) 2023 لڳ ڀڳ
• ڪل
 $17.431 billion[5] (149th)
• في سيڪڙو
 $28,002[5] (63rd)
جِي. ڊي. پي  (رڳو نالي ۾ ) 2023 لڳ ڀڳ
• ڪل
 $7.058 billion[5] (153rd)

Montenegro is a country in Southeastern Europe, situated on the Balkan Peninsula.[10] Its 25 municipalities have a total population of 633,158 people in an area of 13,812 km² (5,333 sq mi). It is bordered by Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast, Kosovo to the east, Albania to the southeast, Croatia to the west, and has a coastline along the Adriatic Sea to the southwest.[11] The capital and largest city is Podgorica, while Cetinje is the Old Royal Capital and cultural centre of Montenegro.

Before the arrival of the Slav peoples in the Balkans in the 6th and 7th centuries CE, the area now known as Montenegro was inhabited principally by people known as Illyrians. During the Early Medieval period, three principalities were located on the territory of modern-day Montenegro: Duklja, roughly corresponding to the southern half; Travunia, the west; and Rascia proper, the north.[12][13][14] The Principality of Zeta emerged in the 14th and 15th centuries. From the late 14th century to the late 18th century, large parts of southern Montenegro were ruled by the Venetian Republic and incorporated into Venetian Albania.[15] The name Montenegro was first used to refer to the country in the late 15th century. After falling under Ottoman Empire rule, Montenegro gained semi-autonomy in 1696 under the rule of the House of Petrović-Njegoš, first as a theocracy and later as a secular principality. Montenegro's independence was recognised by the Great Powers at the Congress of Berlin in 1878. In 1910, the country became a kingdom. After World War I, the kingdom became part of Yugoslavia. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the republics of Serbia and Montenegro together proclaimed a federation. In June 2006 Montenegro declared its independence from Serbia and Montenegro following an independence referendum, creating Montenegro and Serbia as they exist today.[16] Montenegro is therefore one of the newest internationally-recognised countries in the world.[17]

Montenegro has an upper-middle-income economy,[18] and ranks 49th in the Human Development Index.[19] It is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the World Trade Organization, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, the Council of Europe, and the Central European Free Trade Agreement.[20] Montenegro is also a founding member of the Union for the Mediterranean,[21] and has been in the process of joining the European Union since 2012.[22]

حوالا

سنواريو
  1. ↑ Podgorica is the administrative capital while Cetinje is considered the old royal capital
  2. ↑ "Language and alphabet Article 13". Constitution of Montenegro. WIPO. 19 October 2007. http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=187544#LinkTarget_1506. "The official language in Montenegro shall be Montenegrin. Cyrillic and Latin alphabet shall be equal." 
  3. ↑ "Language and alphabet Article 13". Constitution of Montenegro. WIPO. 19 October 2007. http://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text.jsp?file_id=187544#LinkTarget_1506. "Serbian, Bosnian, Albanian and Croatian shall also be in the official use." 
  4. ↑ "Statistical Office of Montenegro - MONSTAT". 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Montenegro)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. حاصل ڪيل 12 October 2023. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in Montenegro 2011" (PDF). Monstat. حاصل ڪيل 12 July 2011. 
  7. ↑ "Eurostat". ec.europa.eu. حاصل ڪيل 2022-08-05. 
  8. ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. حاصل ڪيل 13 March 2024. 
  9. ↑ درخت سے نکلتی آبشار گاؤں بھر کو سیراب کرتی ہے، ایکسپریس
  10. ↑ "Montenegro – The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. حاصل ڪيل 6 March 2022. 
  11. ↑ "Montenegro – History". Encyclopædia Britannica. حاصل ڪيل 9 April 2021. 
  12. ↑ Luscombe, David; Riley-Smith, Jonathan (2004). The New Cambridge Medieval History: Volume 4, c. 1024 – c. 1198. Cambridge University Press. pp. 266–. ISBN 9780521414111. https://books.google.com/books?id=cUl53tLtFukC&pg=PA267. 
  13. ↑ Sedlar, Jean W. (2013). East Central Europe in the Middle Ages, 1000–1500. University of Washington Press. pp. 21–. ISBN 9780295800646. https://books.google.com/books?id=4NYTCgAAQBAJ&q=East%20Central%20Europe%20in%20the%20Middle%20Ages%2C%201000-1500&pg=PA32. 
  14. ↑ John Van Antwerp Fine (1983). The early medieval Balkans: a critical survey from the sixth to the late twelfth century. University of Michigan Press. p. 194. ISBN 9780472100255. https://books.google.com/books?id=RSNpAAAAMAAJ&q=raska+duklja+serbian+principality. 
  15. ↑ حوالي جي چڪ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named :0
  16. ↑ "Serbia ends union with Montenegro". The Irish Times. 5 June 2006. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/serbia-ends-union-with-montenegro-1.785687. 
  17. ↑ Taylor, Adam (14 September 2014). "The 9 newest countries in the world". Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2014/09/16/the-9-newest-countries-in-the-world/. 
  18. ↑ "Montenegro Economy: Population, GDP, Inflation, Business, Trade, FDI, Corruption". The Heritage Foundation. وقت 6 September 2023 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 16 April 2021.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  19. ↑ United Nations. "Country Insights". 
  20. ↑ "Membership of Montenegro in International Organisations". mvp.gov.me. وقت 16 April 2021 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 16 April 2021.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  21. ↑ "Montenegro". European Western Balkans. حاصل ڪيل 16 April 2021. 
  22. ↑ "European Neighbourhood Policy And Enlargement Negotiations – European Commission". European Neighbourhood Policy And Enlargement Negotiations – European Commission. حاصل ڪيل 16 April 2021. 
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