سيريز: جي ورجائن ۾ تفاوت
ڊاٿل مواد شامل ڪيل مواد
Intisar Ali (بحث | ڀاڱيداريون) سنوار جو تَتُ ڪونهي ٽيگَ: موبائل سنوار موبائل ويب سنوار |
Intisar Ali (بحث | ڀاڱيداريون) سنوار جو تَتُ ڪونهي ٽيگَ: موبائل سنوار موبائل ويب سنوار |
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سِٽَ 4:
[[File:Ceres - RC3 - Haulani Crater (22381131691) (cropped).jpg]] سيريز جو قدرتي رنگ
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| background = #D6D6D6
| name = Ceres
| symbol = [[File:Ceres symbol.svg|25px|⚳]]
| image = Ceres - RC3 - Haulani Crater (22381131691).jpg
| caption = A view of Ceres in natural color, by the ''[[Dawn (spacecraft)|Dawn]]'' spacecraft in May 2015<ref group="lower-alpha">This image was taken by the ''Dawn'' spacecraft on 2 May 2015, during a "rotation characterization" orbit, {{convert|13,642|km|mi}} above the surface of Ceres. Visible at center and center right are two [[Bright spots on Ceres|bright spots]], a phenomenon common on Ceres, in Oxo and [[Haulani (crater)|Haulani]] craters respectively. [[Ahuna Mons]] is also visible in the image as a noticeable, bluff hill, seen just right of bottom.</ref>
| discovery_ref =<ref>{{cite book |last=Schmadel |first=Lutz |authorlink=Lutz D. Schmadel |title=Dictionary of minor planet names |url=https://books.google.com/?id=KWrB1jPCa8AC&pg=PA15 |edition=5th |year=2003 |publisher=Springer |location=Germany |isbn=978-3-540-00238-3 |page=15 }}</ref>
| discoverer = [[Giuseppe Piazzi]]
| discovered = 1 January 1801
| mpc_name = (1) Ceres
| pronounced = {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɪər|iː|z}}
| named_after = [[Ceres (mythology)|Cerēs]]
| alt_names = A899 OF; 1943 XB
| adjectives = Cererian {{IPAc-en|s|ᵻ|ˈ|r|ɪər|i|ə|n}},<br />rarely Cererean {{IPAc-en|s|ɛr|ᵻ|ˈ|r|iː|ə|n}}<ref name="Simpson1979">{{cite book |last=Simpson |first=D. P. |title=Cassell's Latin Dictionary |publisher=Cassell Ltd |year=1979 |edition=5th |location=London |isbn=978-0-304-52257-6 |page=883 }}</ref>
| mp_category = [[Dwarf planet]]<br />[[Asteroid belt]]
| orbit_ref =<ref name="jpl_sbdb">{{cite web|url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Ceres |title=1 Ceres |publisher=JPL Small-Body Database Browser |accessdate=8 January 2015 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/69fuVB1N8?url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=Ceres |archivedate=4 August 2012 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref>
| epoch = 2014-Dec-09<br />([[Julian day|JD]] {{nowrap|{{val|fmt=commas|2457000.5}}}})
| aphelion = {{val|2.9773|ul=AU}} <br />({{nowrap|{{val|fmt=commas|445410000|u=km}}}})
| perihelion = {{val|2.5577|u=AU}} <br />({{nowrap|{{val|fmt=commas|382620000|u=km}}}})
| semimajor = {{val|2.7675|u=AU}} <br />({{nowrap|{{val|fmt=commas|414010000|u=km}}}})
| eccentricity = {{val|0.075823}}
| period = 4.60 [[julian year (astronomy)|yr]]<br />1,681.63 d
| synodic_period = 466.6 [[Julian day|d]]<br />1.278 [[julian year (astronomy)|yr]]
| inclination = {{val|10.593|u=°}} to [[ecliptic]]<br />9.20° to [[invariable plane]]<ref name="meanplane">{{cite web|date=3 April 2009 |title=The MeanPlane (Invariable plane) of the Solar System passing through the barycenter
|url=http://home.surewest.net/kheider/astro/MeanPlane.gif |accessdate=10 April 2009 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5glwILykY?url=http://home.comcast.net/~kpheider/MeanPlane.gif |archivedate=14 May 2009 |deadurl=yes }} (produced with [http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ Solex 10] {{webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/5gOzK38bc?url=http://chemistry.unina.it/~alvitagl/solex/ |date=29 April 2009 }} written by Aldo Vitagliano; see also [[Invariable plane]])</ref>
| arg_peri = {{val|72.5220|u=°}}
| asc_node = {{val|80.3293|u=°}}
| mean_anomaly = {{val|95.9891|ul=°}}
| avg_speed = {{val|17.905|u=km/s}}
| p_orbit_ref =<ref name="Ceres-POE">{{cite web|title=AstDyS-2 Ceres Synthetic Proper Orbital Elements |publisher=Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy |url=http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1 |accessdate=1 October 2011 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/62D4xP3TU?url=http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.6&n=1 |archivedate=5 October 2011 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref>
| p_semimajor = {{val|2.7670962}}
| p_eccentricity = {{val|0.1161977}}
| p_inclination = {{val|9.6474122|u=°}}
| p_mean_motion = 78.193318
| perihelion_rate = {{val|54.070272}}
| node_rate = {{val|-59.170034}}
| satellites =
| allsatellites=yes
| dimensions = {{nowrap|({{val|965.2}} × {{val|961.2}}<br />× {{val|891.2}}) ± 2.0 km<ref name=presentation>{{cite web |url=http://nesf2015.arc.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/downloads/pdf/05.pdf |title=05. Dawn Explores Ceres Results from the Survey Orbit |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905125337/http://nesf2015.arc.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/downloads/pdf/05.pdf |archivedate=5 September 2015 }}</ref>}}
| mean_radius = {{val|473|u=km}}<ref name=presentation/>
| surface_area = {{nowrap|{{val|fmt=commas|2770000|u=km2}}}}<ref name="fact2">Calculated based on the known parameters</ref>
| volume = {{nowrap|{{val|fmt=commas|421000000|u=km3}}}}<ref name="fact2" />
| mass={{val|9.393|e=20|u=kg|0.005}}<ref name=presentation/><br />
{{val|0.00015|u=[[Earth mass|Earths]]}}<br />0.0128 [[Moon]]s
| density={{val|2.161|0.009|u=g/cm3}}<ref name=Lakdawalla1112/>
| surface_grav = {{Gr|.939|469|2}} [[Acceleration|m/s<sup>2</sup>]]<ref name="fact2"/><br />0.029 [[g-force|''g'']]
| moment_of_inertia_factor = {{val|0.37|}}<ref name="Park2016" />{{refn |The value of 0.37 is the mean moment of inertia, which is thought to better represent Ceres' interior structure than the polar moment of inertia (0.39), due to the high polar flattening.<ref name="Park2016" />| group = lower-alpha }} (estimate)
| escape_velocity={{V2|0.943|476.2|2}} km/s<ref name="fact2" />
| sidereal_day = {{val|0.3781|u=d}}<br />{{val|9.074170|0.000002|u=h}}<ref name="Chamberlain2007">{{cite journal |last1=Chamberlain |first1=Matthew A. |author2=Sykes, Mark V.; Esquerdo, Gilbert A. |year=2007 |title=Ceres lightcurve analysis – Period determination |journal=Icarus |volume=188 |issue=2 |pages=451–456 |doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2006.11.025 |bibcode=2007Icar..188..451C }}</ref>
| rot_velocity= {{val|92.61|u=m/s}}<ref name="fact2"/>
| right_asc_north_pole = 291.42744°<ref name="Icarus2017">{{cite journal |title=The Ceres gravity field, spin pole, rotation period and orbit from the Dawn radiometric tracking and optical data |url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001910351730341X |journal=Icarus |volume= 299|issue= |pages= 411–429|doi=10.1016/j.icarus.2017.08.005 |access-date= |bibcode=2018Icar..299..411K |year=2018 | last1 = Konopliv | first1 = A.S. | last2 = Park | first2 = R.S. | last3 = Vaughan | first3 = A.T. | last4 = Bills | first4 = B.G. | last5 = Asmar | first5 = S.W. | last6 = Ermakov | first6 = A.I. | last7 = Rambaux | first7 = N. | last8 = Raymond | first8 = C.A. | last9 = Castillo-Rogez | first9 = J.C. | last10 = Russell | first10 = C.T. | last11 = Smith | first11 = D.E. | last12 = Zuber | first12 = M.T.}}</ref>
| declination = 66.764°<ref name="SPICE">
{{cite web |title=Asteroid Ceres P_constants (PcK) SPICE kernel file |url=http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/DAWN/kernels/pck/dawn_ceres_v05.tpc |accessdate=5 November 2015}}</ref>
| axial_tilt = 4°<ref name=SPICE/>
| albedo={{val|0.090|0.0033}} {{small|(V-band)}}<ref name="Li2006" />
| temp_name1 = [[Kelvin]]
| min_temp_1 =
| mean_temp_1 = ≈ 168 K<ref>{{cite book |author=Angelo, Joseph A., Jr |year=2006 |title=Encyclopedia of Space and Astronomy |publisher=Infobase |location=New York |isbn=978-0-8160-5330-8 |page=122 }}</ref>
| max_temp_1 = 235 K<ref name="Saint-Pe1993" />
| spectral_type=[[C-type asteroid|C]]<ref name="Rivkin2006" />
| magnitude = 6.64<ref name="Pasachoff1983" /> to 9.34<ref name="fact3">APmag and AngSize generated with [http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=1 Horizons](Ephemeris: Observer Table: Quantities = 9,13,20,29) {{Webarchive|url=https://www.webcitation.org/62D6JuAKM?url=http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons.cgi?find_body=1&body_group=sb&sstr=1 |date=5 October 2011 }}</ref>
| abs_magnitude ={{val|3.34}}<ref name="jpl_sbdb" />
| angular_size = 0.854″ <!-- Horizons 1636-Feb-11 --> to 0.339″
}}
'''سيريز''' (Ceres) اسان جي سج منڊل جو سڀني کان ننڍي ۾ ننڍو ڄامڙو گرھ Dwarf planet مريخ ۽ مشتري جي وچ ۾ موجود اپگرھ (سيارچن) جي واٽ Asteroid Belt ۾ موجود آھي. سڀني کان ننڍو ھجڻ باوجود ھڪ معمو (Mystery) آھي. ھن جو نالو سيريز CERES آھي.
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