رابرٽ اووين: جي ورجائن ۾ تفاوت
ڊاٿل مواد شامل ڪيل مواد
Intisar Ali (بحث | ڀاڱيداريون) سنوار جو تَتُ ڪونهي ٽيگَ: موبائل سنوار موبائل ويب سنوار |
Intisar Ali (بحث | ڀاڱيداريون) ٽيگَ: موبائل سنوار موبائل ويب سنوار |
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==ذاتي زندگي==
[[File:Newtown Parish Register for births with an entry for Robert Owen, born June 12th 1771 (1294584).jpg|thumb|260px|نيوٽائون شھر جي رجسٽر مطابق رابرٽ اووين جو بپتسما جو رڪارڊ]]
رابرٽ اووين 14 جولاءِ 1771 ۾ ويلز جي علائقي مونٽگومري شائر جي ھڪ ننڍي شھر نيوٽائون ۾ پيدا ٿيو. سندس پيءُ جو نالو بہ رابرٽ اووين ھيو جيڪو گھوڙن جون ويھڻ واريون سيٽون ۽ لوھ مڃارڪو ڪم ڪندو ھو ۽ مقامي پوسٽ ماسٽر پڻ ھيو.<ref name=Britannica/><ref>{{cite journal| author=Arthur H. Estabrook | title =The Family History of Robert Owen | journal =Indiana Magazine of History | volume =19 | issue =1 | pages =63, 69 | publisher =Indiana University | location =Bloomington | date =1923|url=https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/imh/article/view/6280| accessdate =August 29, 2017}} See also: {{cite book | author=Frank Podmore | title =Robert Owen: A Biography | publisher =D. Appleton and Company | series = | volume =I | edition = | year =1907 | location =New York | pages=2, 4| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=E-sJAAAAIAAJ&pg=PR18| isbn =}}</ref>ھن پنھنجي تعليم ڏھن سالن جي عمر ۾ ڇڏي ڏني
and was apprenticed to a [[Stamford, Lincolnshire|Stamford]], Lincolnshire, [[draper]] for four years. He also worked in London draper shops as a teenager.<ref>Estabrook, p. 63; Podmore, pp. 15–17.</ref><ref name=Rees>{{cite web| author=Sir James Frederick Rees| title =Owen, Robert ( 1771-1858 ), Utopian Socialist | work =Dictionary of Welsh Biography | publisher =National Library of Wales | date =2007 | url = http://wbo.llgc.org.uk/en/s-OWEN-ROB-1771.html | accessdate =30 August 2017}} (online version)</ref> Around the age of eighteen, Owen moved to Manchester, where he spent the next twelve years of his life. Initially, he was employed at Satterfield's Drapery in Saint Ann's Square.<ref>Podmore, pp. 23, 41.</ref><ref>A memorial plaque marks the firm's location. See {{cite web| author=| title =Owen Blue Plaque | work = | publisher = | date =6 February 2016|url=http://www.fotolibra.com/gallery/1305183/robert-owen-blue-plaque/?search_hash=08d9e595273a2a1b7220a0782576815e&search_offset=0&search_limit=100&search_sort_by=
| format = | accessdate =29 August 2017}}</ref>
While living in Manchester, Owen borrowed £100 from his brother, William, to enter into a partnership to make [[spinning mule]]s, a new invention for spinning cotton thread, but exchanged his share of the business within a few months for six spinning mules that he operated in a rented factory space.<ref>Podmore, pp. 42–43.</ref> In 1792, when Owen was about twenty-one years old, mill-owner [[Peter Drinkwater]] made him manager of the [[Piccadilly Mill]] at Manchester; however, after two years of working for Drinkwater, Owen voluntarily gave up a contracted promise of partnership, left the company, and went into partnership with other entrepreneurs to establish and eventually manage the Chorlton Twist Mills in the [[Chorlton-on-Medlock]] area of Manchester.<ref>Podmore, pp. 47–48.</ref><ref name=Timeline>{{cite web| author= | title =Robert Owen Timeline | work = | publisher =Robert Owen Museum | date =2008 | url = http://robert-owen-museum.org.uk/time_line| format = | accessdate =29 August 2017}}</ref>
By the early 1790s, Owen's entrepreneurial spirit, management skills, and progressive moral views were emerging. In 1793, he was elected as a member of the [[Manchester Literary and Philosophical Society]],<ref name=Timeline/> where the ideas of [[Reformation|reformers]] and philosophers of [[age of Enlightenment|the Enlightenment]] were discussed. He also became a committee member of the [[Manchester Board of Health]], which was instigated, principally by [[Thomas Percival]], to promote improvements in the health and working
==حوالا==
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