وڪيپيڊيا

برلن

جرمني جي گادي
(برلن، جرمني کان چوريل)

برلن (انگلش:Berlin؛ جرمن:b|ɜːr|ˈ|l|ɪ|n؛ ڈینش:bɛʁˈliːn)[10] جرمني جو سڀ کان وڏو شهر ۽ گاديءَ جو هنڌ آهي ۽ جرمني جي هڪ اسٽيٽ پڻ آهي. هن شهر جي آبادي 35 لک آهي. ھي شھر جرمنيءَ جي اتر اوڀر ۾ اسپري ۽ ھيول ندين جي ڪنارن تي واقع آھي. ھي 892 چورس ڪلوميٽرن جي ايراضيءَ تي مشتمل آهي. سمنڊ جي سطح کان 34 ميٽر (112فوٽ) بلند آهي. سال 1917ع جي آدمشماري مطابق ھن شھر جي آبادي 37,11,930 آھي.

Berlin
Capital city, state and municipality
Tiergarten and Mitte skyline
Spree river, Museum Island and Berlin TV Tower in Mitte
Victory Column
Victory Column
Charlottenburg Palace
Charlottenburg Palace
Rotes Rathaus
Rotes Rathaus
Brandenburg Gate
Brandenburg Gate
Reichstag
Reichstag
Berlin Cathedral
Berlin Cathedral
Potsdam Square
Potsdam Square
Berlin
جھنڊو		{{{official_name}}}}}
قومي نشان
<mapframe>: Attribute "zoom" has an invalid value
جاگرافي بيهڪ: 52°31′12″N 13°24′18″E / 52.52000°N 13.40500°E / 52.52000; 13.40500مڪانيت: 52°31′12″N 13°24′18″E / 52.52000°N 13.40500°E / 52.52000; 13.40500
Country Germany
State Berlin
حڪومت
 • مجلس Abgeordnetenhaus of Berlin
 • Governing Mayor Kai Wegner (CDU)
 • Bundesrat votes 4 (of 69)
 • Bundestag seats 29 (of 736)
پکيڙ[1]
 • City/State 891.3 ڪ.م2 (344.1 ميل2)
 • شھري 3,743 ڪ.م2 (1,445 ميل2)
 • ميٽرو 30,546 ڪ.م2 (11,794 ميل2)
بلندي 34 ميل (112 ft)
آبادي (2022)[2]
 • City/State 3,755,251
برلن

برلن جرمني جو گاديءَ جو هنڌ ۽ ٻئي علائقي ۽ آبادي جي لحاظ کان سڀ کان وڏو شهر آهي.[11] ان جي 38 لک کان وڌيڪ آبادي[12] ان کي، شهر جي حدن اندر آبادي جي حساب سان، يورپي يونين جو سڀ کان وڌيڪ آبادي وارو شهر بڻائي ٿو.[13] ان سان گڏ، هي شهر جرمني جي رياستن مان هڪ آهي ۽ ايراضي جي لحاظ کان ملڪ جي ٽيون ننڍي رياست آهي. برلن رياست برانڊنبرگ جي چوڌاري آهي ۽ برانڊنبرگ جي گاديءَ جو هنڌ پوٽسڊم ويجهو آهي. برلن جي شهري علائقي جي آبادي 45 لک آهي ۽ تنهن ڪري جرمني ۾ سڀ کان وڌيڪ آبادي وارو شهري علائقو آهي. برلن۔برانڊنبرگ گاديءَ واري علائقي ۾ تقريبن 62 لک جی آبادي آهي ۽ رائن۔روهر علائقي کان پوءِ، جرمني جو ٻيو نمبر وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو ۽ يورپي يونين ۾ GDP جي لحاظ کان پنجون وڏو ميٽروپوليٽن علائقو آهي.


Berlin is surrounded by the state of Brandenburg, and Brandenburg's capital Potsdam is nearby. The urban area of Berlin has a population of 4.5 million and is therefore the most populous urban area in Germany.[5][14] The Berlin-Brandenburg capital region has around 6.2 million inhabitants and is Germany's second-largest metropolitan region after the Rhine-Ruhr region, and the fifth-biggest metropolitan region by GDP in the European Union.[15]

Berlin was built along the banks of the Spree river, which flows into the Havel in the western borough of Spandau. The city incorporates lakes in the western and southeastern boroughs, the largest of which is Müggelsee. About one-third of the city's area is composed of forests, parks and gardens, rivers, canals, and lakes.[16]

First documented in the 13th century[10] and at the crossing of two important historic trade routes,[17] Berlin was designated the capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg (1417–1701), Kingdom of Prussia (1701–1918), German Empire (1871–1918), Weimar Republic (1919–1933), and Nazi Germany (1933–1945). Berlin has served as a scientific, artistic, and philosophical hub during the Age of Enlightenment, Neoclassicism, and the German revolutions of 1848–1849. During the Gründerzeit, an industrialization-induced economic boom triggered a rapid population increase in Berlin. 1920s Berlin was the third-largest city in the world by population.[18]

After World War II and following Berlin's occupation, the city was split into West Berlin and East Berlin, divided by the Berlin Wall.[19] East Berlin was declared the capital of East Germany, while Bonn became the West German capital. Following German reunification in 1990, Berlin once again became the capital of all of Germany.

The economy of Berlin is based on high tech and the service sector, encompassing a diverse range of creative industries, startup companies, research facilities, and media corporations.[20][21] Berlin serves as a continental hub for air and rail traffic and has a complex public transportation network. Tourism in Berlin make the city a popular global destination.[22] Significant industries include information technology, the healthcare industry, biomedical engineering, biotechnology, the automotive industry, and electronics.

Berlin is home to several universities such as the Humboldt University of Berlin, the Technical University of Berlin, the Berlin University of the Arts and the Free University of Berlin. The Berlin Zoological Garden is the most visited zoo in Europe. Babelsberg Studio is the world's first large-scale movie studio complex and the list of films set in Berlin is long.[23]

Berlin is also home to three World Heritage Sites. Museum Island, the Palaces and Parks of Potsdam and Berlin, and the Berlin Modernism Housing Estates.[24] Other landmarks include the Brandenburg Gate, the Reichstag building, Potsdamer Platz, the Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe, and the Berlin Wall Memorial. Berlin has numerous museums, galleries, and libraries.

حوالا سنواريو

  1. ↑ "Amt für Statistik Berlin Brandenburg – Statistiken". Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg (ٻولي ۾ German). وقت 8 March 2021 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 2 May 2019.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  2. ↑ حوالي جي چڪ: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg
  3. ↑ "Nicknames For Berlin (Popular, Cute, Funny & Unique)". LetsLearnSlang.com. وقت 12 January 2024 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 12 January 2024.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  4. ↑ "Gilly & Schinkel and Athens on the Spree: Berlin Architecture 1790–1840 with Barry Bergdoll". Institute of Classical Architecture & Art. وقت 12 January 2024 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 12 January 2024.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 citypopulation.de quoting Federal Statistics Office. "Germany: Urban Areas". وقت 3 June 2020 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 28 January 2021.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  6. ↑ "Bevölkerungsanstieg in Berlin und Brandenburg mit nachlassender Dynamik" (PDF). statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de. Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg. وقت 27 August 2021 تي اصل (PDF) کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 24 November 2019.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  7. ↑ "Bruttoinlandsprodukt, Bruttowertschöpfung | Statistikportal.de". Statistische Ämter des Bundes und der Länder | Gemeinsames Statistikportal (ٻولي ۾ German). وقت 25 September 2023 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 31 July 2023.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  8. ↑ "Gross domestic product (GDP) at current market prices by metropolitan regions". ec.europa.eu. وقت 15 February 2023 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  9. ↑ "Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. وقت 23 September 2018 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 13 September 2018.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Kleiner, Stefan; Knöbl, Ralf; Mangold, Max (2015). Das Aussprachewörterbuch (7th ed.). Duden. p. 229. ISBN 9783411040674. 
  11. ↑ Milbradt, Friederike (6 February 2019). "Deutschland: Die größten Städte" (de ۾). Die Zeit (Magazin). https://www.zeit.de/zeit-magazin/2019/07/flaechengroesste-staedte-deutschlandkarte. 
  12. ↑ "75 329 mehr Berlinerinnen und Berliner als Ende 2021". www.statistik-berlin-brandenburg.de (ٻولي ۾ German). وقت 10 June 2023 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 23 July 2023.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  13. ↑ "Amt für Statistik Berlin Brandenburg – Bevölkerung". Amt für Statistik Berlin-Brandenburg (ٻولي ۾ German). وقت 18 November 2022 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 November 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  14. ↑ "Einwohnerzahlen deutscher Metropolregionen 2022". Statista (ٻولي ۾ German). وقت 19 August 2023 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 19 August 2023.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  15. ↑ "Daten und Fakten zur Hauptstadtregion". www.berlin-brandenburg.de. وقت 21 March 2019 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 13 April 2022.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  16. ↑ Senatsverwaltung für Umwelt, Verkehr und Klimaschutz Berlin, Referat Freiraumplanung und Stadtgrün. "Anteil öffentlicher Grünflächen in Berlin" (PDF). وقت 25 February 2021 تي اصل (PDF) کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 10 January 2020. 
  17. ↑ "Niederlagsrecht" (ٻولي ۾ German). Verein für die Geschichte Berlins. وقت 22 November 2015 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 21 November 2015.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  18. ↑ "Topographies of Class: Modern Architecture and Mass Society in Weimar Berlin (Social History, Popular Culture and Politics in Germany)". www.h-net.org. وقت 6 July 2018 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 9 October 2009.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  19. ↑ "Berlin Wall". Encyclopædia Britannica. وقت 30 June 2008 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 August 2008.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  20. ↑ "ICCA publishes top 20 country and city rankings 2007". ICCA. وقت 22 September 2008 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 August 2008. 
  21. ↑ "Berlin City of Design" (Press release). UNESCO. وقت 16 August 2008 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 August 2008.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
  22. ↑ "Berlin Beats Rome as Tourist Attraction as Hordes Descend". Bloomberg L.P.. 4 September 2014. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-09-03/berlin-beats-rome-as-tourist-attraction-as-hordes-descend.html. Retrieved 11 September 2014. 
  23. ↑ "Hollywood Helps Revive Berlin's Former Movie Glory". Deutsche Welle. وقت 13 August 2008 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 18 August 2008. 
  24. ↑ "World Heritage Site Museumsinsel". UNESCO. وقت 6 May 2021 تي اصل کان آرڪائيو ٿيل. حاصل ڪيل 6 May 2021.  Unknown parameter |url-status= ignored (مدد)
"https://sd.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=برلن&oldid=265899" تان ورتل